By: Nathaniel de Sam Lazaro
Every year, around 40,000 people in the United States are killed by vehicles. This includes both those who die driving when they get in accidents and those who are hit by vehicles while walking or biking.
Per mile driven, our nation’s roads are almost twice as dangerous as many comparable nations. Furthermore, the death rate on our roads has been increasing for the past decade, despite all of the new safety features being included in cars, now mostly consisting of features that assist drivers in keeping the speed limit, staying in lanes, and braking.
Even worse, the number of pedestrians killed by vehicles has nearly doubled since 2010, and is now the highest it has been since 1981. According to a recent piece published in ‘The Economist’, the blame for this is on the increase in the weight of vehicles.
The average new vehicle in America now weighs 4,400 pounds. American vehicles are getting bigger and heavier. Vehicles weighing over 5,000 pounds made up 31% of the market last year, up from 22% in 2018. This trend shows no sign of stopping.
This increase in weight is an issue because it means an increase in force of vehicles, force being mass times acceleration.
Ironically, for a long time, the conventional wisdom has been that this increase in vehicle size has been making us safer. This is because very heavy vehicles are able to better protect those inside if they get into a crash with lighter vehicles. However, this causes a much greater decrease in the safety of those in the lighter vehicles, creating an endless arms race of heavier cars. It’s even worse for pedestrians and cyclists, who lack the safety provided by the walls of a car.
The biggest issue is the difference in weight. According to an estimate by ‘The Economist’, fatalities could be reduced by 12% if the heaviest 10% of cars got just 10 percent lighter. And, to be clear, this is all focused on passenger vehicles, not commercial vehicles like semi trucks.
Another thing that makes this issue more difficult is the fact that the shift to EVs has also made cars heavier, with their battery adding a lot of weight to new electric vehicles.
The solutions to this problem are also quite complicated. Regulations could be changed to encourage lighter vehicles, but this could also disincentive electric vehicles. One of the reasons that larger vehicles started being sold so much was that they were made exempt from fuel efficiency regulations in the 1970s.
Some changes have already occurred. The National Transport Safety Board last year changed their definitions of vehicle safety to account for those outside the vehicle in question, accounting for those in the other cars and pedestrians as well.
I think more should be done. We should be passing laws to encourage lighter vehicles and make our roads safer. We should also redesign many aspects of our roads, which are wide, with many uncontrolled intersections, and designed to make driving comfortable and easy. These conditions, however, encourage very fast car speeds, the other half of mass times acceleration.









